What Does SAMe Do And What Is It Used For?
SAMe is necessary in the manufacture of neurotransmitter phospholipids, such as phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine. Additionally, studies show that SAMe can increase levels of the important neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine and phosphatidylserine. It has been shown to improve the binding of neurotransmitters to receptor sites, thus increasing brain neurotransmitters, such as serotonin. SAMe's influence on phospholipid metabolism may be the principle explanation for its mood lifting effects. Researchers have discovered that increased levels of SAMe can significantly enhance the body's ability to detoxify itself of various substances, including old neurotransmitters. Based upon studies, investigators believe that SAMe may actually help "mop up" old neurotransmitter materials and improve the way fresh neurotransmitters bind to cell receptors (an essential process for cells to communicate information).
How Does SAMe Work?
Studies have shown that SAMe is the precursor for the sulfur amino acids cysteine and taurine, as well as the tripeptide glutathione. SAMe is first transformed into S-adenosylhomocysteine, which is then converted into cysteine and taurine. Sulfur compounds are so important that it has been discovered that "under conditions of absolute deficiency of sulfur, there is no living material." Every cell in the body contains sulfur compounds. The end products of the transsulphuration pathway - free radical scavengers - are important. Glutathione is the most important substance in the liver. The liver's principle function is to break down damaging substances the body encounters. These may be drugs or the body's own products. Liver malfunction, whether caused by alcohol, viral infection or other disorder, is invariably accompanied by glutathione depletion. When glutathione is depleted, the liver simply can't do its job. Glutathione is also found in other organs. It inhibits the deleterious effects of inflammation through the body, and it is an extremely potent free radical scavenger in the eye, where it protects against cataracts caused by UV sunlight. By providing the building blocks of glutathione, SAMe contributes to maintenance of this important natural antioxidant.
Studies on SAMe's role in maintaining normal joint function are also promising. A deficiency of SAMe in the joints can result in the loss of integrity of cartilage, since it is important in the manufacturing of cartilage components.
